Glossary of Terms

  • AGNOSIA:  Inability to recognize the meaning of sensory stimuli.

  • APHASIA:  Inability to understand or express language whether written or spoken.

  • AUDITORY ASSOCIATION:  Ability to relate spoken words in a meaningful way.

  • AUDITORY CLOSURE:   Ability to accurately conceptualize in complete & meaningful form words or sounds which are
    perceived in incomplete form.

  • AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION:  Ability to discriminate between sounds of different characteristic frequencies.

  • AUDITORY PERCEPTION:  Ability to understand a stimulus that is received by the auditory system resulting in recognition.

  • AUDITORY RECEPTION:  Ability to understand the spoken word.

  • COGNITIVE STYLE:  An individual's characteristic approach to problem solving & cognitive tasks.

  • DIRECTIONALITY:  Projecting of all directions from the body into space.

  • DISTRACTIBILITY:  Ready & rapid shifting of attention through a series of unimportant stimuli.

  • DYSARTHRIA:  Defective articulation.

  • DYSCALCULIA:  Calculation disability.

  • DYSGRAPHIA:  Inability to express ideas in writing.

  • DYSLEXIA:  Partial, or complete, inability to read or to understand what one reads either silently or aloud.

  • DYSNOMIA:  Word-finding disability.

  • EXECUTIVE FUNCTION SKILLS:  The ability to understand & apply concepts, strategies, & techniques of higher order thinking.  
    Executive Function Skills such as time management, organization, prioritizing, nonverbal communication, reading social cues
    & timing of oral communication are some components of this cognitive area.

  • EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE:    Ability to recall relevant works & sentences to develop those ideas into a meaningful sequence for
    the motoric act of speech.

  • GRAMMAR CLOSURE:    Ability which permits one to predict future linguistic events from past experiences.

  • HYPERACTIVITY:      Excessive motor function or motility.

  • HYPOACTIVITY:    Pronounced absence of motor activity.

  • IMPERCEPTION:    Inability to interpret sensory information correctly.

  • KINESTHETIC:    Sense that yields knowledge from the movements of the muscles of the body.

  • LATERALITY:    Complete motor awareness of both sides of the body.

  • PERCEPTION:    Process by which the Central Nervous System organizes data.

  • PERSEVERATION:    Persistence of previous responses in spite of their lack of application to the present situation.

  • SELECTIVE ATTENTION:    Allows one to focus purposefully & for an appropriate length of time on incoming data that will lead
    to productive learning.

  • SOFT SIGNS:    Refers to minimal behavioral deviations in a person, reported by a neurologist, where the traditional
    neurological examination shows no clear signs of brain damage or dysfunction.

  • SPATIAL-TEMPORAL:    Ability to translate a simultaneous relationship in space into a serial relationship in time or vice-versa.

  • TEMPORAL-SEQUENTIAL ORGANIZATION:    Development of time & sequencing.  (Visual & auditory sequences affect short &
    intermediate memory.)

  • VISUAL ASSOCIATION:    Ability to relate visual symbols in a meaningful way.

  • VISUAL CLOSURE:    Measures the perceptual interpretation of any visual object or thing when only a part of it is shown.

  • VISUAL DISCRIMINATION:     The ability to see likenesses & differences between visual patterns.

  • VISUAL PERCEPTION:    Phenomenon of understanding a stimulus that is received by the visual system resulting in cognition.

  • VISUAL-SPATIAL ORIENTATION:    Learning of spatial relationships by moving bodies & obtaining feedback from visual,
    kinesthetic, tactile pathways.
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